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B1 · Intermediate15 min

-ed / -ing adjectives

Syllabus topic 34: -ed / -ing adjectives

-ed / -ing adjectives. An -ing adjective commonly describes the cause of a feeling; an -ed adjective describes the person experiencing it.

How it works

An -ing adjective commonly describes the cause of a feeling; an -ed adjective describes the person experiencing it. A film can be boring and viewers bored. Not every -ed/-ing adjective follows this pattern, so learn the meaning too.

Examples in context

Notice how each form fits its sentence. Read the context before choosing a form.

  • The lecture was boring. I nearly fell asleep.
  • She felt shocked by the news.
  • It was an exciting journey.
  • I'm interested in history.
  • The instructions were confusing.

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The lecture was ___. I nearly fell asleep.

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