Words in context
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C1 · Advanced15 min
Judgement and society
Learn 9 words for society: accountability, transparency, scrutiny, disparity, consensus, impartial, repercussion, trade-off, incentive.
accountability /əˌkaʊntəˈbɪləti/
підзвітність, odpowiedzialność, Verantwortung, responsabilidad, responsabilité, responsabilità, responsabilidade, sorumluluk, المساءلة, 问责制, 説明責任, 책임, जवाबदेही, λογοδοσία, odpovědnost, responsabilitatea, verantwoordelijkheid, ansvarighet, אחריות, ანგარიშვალდებულება
The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions.
“Public accountability requires clear records of spending.”
transparency /trænsˈpærənsi/
прозорість; відкритість, przejrzystość; otwartość, Transparenz; Offenheit, transparencia; apertura, transparence; ouverture, trasparenza; apertura, transparência; abertura, şeffaflık; açıklık, الشفافية؛ الانفتاح, 透明度；开放性, 透明性;開放性, 투명성; 개방성, पारदर्शिता; खुलापन, διαφάνεια· διαφάνεια, transparentnost; otevřenost, transparență; deschidere, transparantie; openheid, transparens; öppenhet, שקיפות; פתיחות, გამჭვირვალობა; გახსნილობა
Openness that allows people to understand how decisions are made.
“The organisation promised greater transparency in recruitment.”
scrutiny /ˈskruːtɪni/
ретельне вивчення, dokładne studium, sorgfältiges Studium, estudio cuidadoso, étude minutieuse, studio attento, estudo cuidadoso, dikkatli çalışma, دراسة متأنية, 仔细研究, 注意深く勉強する, 신중한 연구, सावधानीपूर्वक अध्ययन, προσεκτική μελέτη, pečlivé studium, studiu atent, zorgvuldige studie, noggrann studie, לימוד קפדני, ფრთხილად შესწავლა
Careful and detailed examination.
“The proposal came under close scrutiny.”
disparity /dɪˈspærəti/
суттєва відмінність; нерівність, znacząca różnica; nierówność, signifikanter Unterschied; Ungleichheit, diferencia significativa; desigualdad, différence significative; inégalité, differenza significativa; disuguaglianza, diferença significativa; desigualdade, önemli fark; eşitsizlik, فرق كبير عدم المساواة, 显着差异；不平等, 有意な差。不平等, 중요한 차이; 불평등, महत्वपूर्ण अंतर; असमानता, σημαντική διαφορά? ανισότητα, významný rozdíl; nerovnost, diferență semnificativă; inegalitatea, significant verschil; ongelijkheid, signifikant skillnad; ojämlikhet, הבדל משמעותי; אי שוויון, მნიშვნელოვანი განსხვავება; უთანასწორობა
A significant difference between groups or things.
“The figures reveal a large disparity in access to services.”
consensus /kənˈsensəs/
згоду; консенсус, zgoda; konsensus, Zustimmung; Konsens, consentimiento; consenso, consentement; consensus, consenso; consenso, consentimento; consenso, rıza; fikir birliği, موافقة؛ الإجماع, 同意；共识, 同意。コンセンサス, 동의; 합의, सहमति; सर्वसम्मति, συγκατάθεση· συναίνεση, souhlas; konsensus, consimțământul; consens, toestemming; consensus, samtycke; konsensus, הסכמה; קונצנזוס, თანხმობა; კონსენსუსი
General agreement within a group.
“The committee reached a consensus after a long discussion.”
impartial /ɪmˈpɑːʃəl/
неупереджений, bezstronny, unparteiisch, imparcial, impartial, imparziale, imparcial, tarafsız, محايدة, 公正的, 公平な, 공정한, निष्पक्ष, αμερόληπτη, nestranný, imparțială, onpartijdig, opartisk, חסר פניות, მიუკერძოებელი
Not favouring one person or side over another.
“An impartial reviewer will examine the complaints.”
repercussion /ˌriːpəˈkʌʃən/
наслідок; ефект у відповідь, konsekwencja; efekt wzajemny, Konsequenz; Wechselwirkung, consecuencia; efecto recíproco, conséquence; effet réciproque, conseguenza; effetto reciproco, consequência; efeito recíproco, sonuç; karşılıklı etki, نتيجة؛ تأثير متبادل, 后果；相互影响, 結果;相互効果, 결과; 상호 효과, परिणाम; पारस्परिक प्रभाव, συνέπεια? αμοιβαίο αποτέλεσμα, následek; reciproční účinek, consecință; efect reciproc, gevolg; wederzijds effect, konsekvens; ömsesidig effekt, תוצאה; השפעה הדדית, შედეგი; ორმხრივი ეფექტი
An indirect effect of an action, often an unwelcome one.
“An unexpected repercussion was a loss of public trust.”
trade-off /ˈtreɪd ɒf/
компроміс між перевагами та втратами, kompromis pomiędzy korzyściami i stratami, Kompromiss zwischen Nutzen und Verlusten, compensación entre beneficios y pérdidas, compromis entre les bénéfices et les pertes, trade-off tra benefici e perdite, trade-off entre benefícios e perdas, faydalar ve kayıplar arasındaki denge, المفاضلة بين الفوائد والخسائر, 利益与损失之间的权衡, 利益と損失のトレードオフ, 이익과 손실의 균형, लाभ और हानि के बीच व्यापार-बंद, συμβιβασμός μεταξύ οφελών και ζημιών, kompromis mezi přínosy a ztrátami, compromis între beneficii și pierderi, afweging tussen voordelen en verliezen, avvägning mellan fördelar och förluster, פשרה בין הטבות להפסדים, სარგებელსა და ზარალს შორის გაცვლა
A balance in which gaining one thing means giving up another.
“There is a trade-off between speed and accuracy.”
incentive /ɪnˈsentɪv/
стимул, zachęta, Anreiz, incentivo, incitation, incentivo, incentivo, teşvik, الحافز, 激励, インセンティブ, 인센티브, प्रोत्साहन, κίνητρο, pobídka, stimulent, stimulans, incitament, תמריץ, სტიმული
Something that encourages a person to act.
“The discount provides an incentive to repair old equipment.”
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Practice my mistakesBack to my daily planReview answers & explanations
Choose the word: The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: accountability
accountability: The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions. Example: Public accountability requires clear records of spending.
Choose the word: Openness that allows people to understand how decisions are made.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: transparency
transparency: Openness that allows people to understand how decisions are made. Example: The organisation promised greater transparency in recruitment.
Choose the word: Careful and detailed examination.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: scrutiny
scrutiny: Careful and detailed examination. Example: The proposal came under close scrutiny.
Choose the word: A significant difference between groups or things.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: disparity
disparity: A significant difference between groups or things. Example: The figures reveal a large disparity in access to services.
Choose the word: General agreement within a group.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: consensus
consensus: General agreement within a group. Example: The committee reached a consensus after a long discussion.
Choose the word: Not favouring one person or side over another.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: impartial
impartial: Not favouring one person or side over another. Example: An impartial reviewer will examine the complaints.
Choose the word: An indirect effect of an action, often an unwelcome one.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: repercussion
repercussion: An indirect effect of an action, often an unwelcome one. Example: An unexpected repercussion was a loss of public trust.
Choose the word: A balance in which gaining one thing means giving up another.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: trade-off
trade-off: A balance in which gaining one thing means giving up another. Example: There is a trade-off between speed and accuracy.
Choose the word: Something that encourages a person to act.
Your answer: Unanswered
Correct answer: incentive
incentive: Something that encourages a person to act. Example: The discount provides an incentive to repair old equipment.
Question 1 of 90% complete
Choose the word: The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: accountability
accountability: The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions. Example: Public accountability requires clear records of spending.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: transparency
transparency: Openness that allows people to understand how decisions are made. Example: The organisation promised greater transparency in recruitment.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: scrutiny
scrutiny: Careful and detailed examination. Example: The proposal came under close scrutiny.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: disparity
disparity: A significant difference between groups or things. Example: The figures reveal a large disparity in access to services.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: consensus
consensus: General agreement within a group. Example: The committee reached a consensus after a long discussion.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: impartial
impartial: Not favouring one person or side over another. Example: An impartial reviewer will examine the complaints.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: repercussion
repercussion: An indirect effect of an action, often an unwelcome one. Example: An unexpected repercussion was a loss of public trust.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: trade-off
trade-off: A balance in which gaining one thing means giving up another. Example: There is a trade-off between speed and accuracy.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: incentive
incentive: Something that encourages a person to act. Example: The discount provides an incentive to repair old equipment.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: accountability
accountability: The duty to explain and take responsibility for decisions. Example: Public accountability requires clear records of spending.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: transparency
transparency: Openness that allows people to understand how decisions are made. Example: The organisation promised greater transparency in recruitment.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: scrutiny
scrutiny: Careful and detailed examination. Example: The proposal came under close scrutiny.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: disparity
disparity: A significant difference between groups or things. Example: The figures reveal a large disparity in access to services.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: consensus
consensus: General agreement within a group. Example: The committee reached a consensus after a long discussion.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: impartial
impartial: Not favouring one person or side over another. Example: An impartial reviewer will examine the complaints.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: repercussion
repercussion: An indirect effect of an action, often an unwelcome one. Example: An unexpected repercussion was a loss of public trust.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: trade-off
trade-off: A balance in which gaining one thing means giving up another. Example: There is a trade-off between speed and accuracy.
Not quite. Keep learning.
Correct answer: incentive
incentive: Something that encourages a person to act. Example: The discount provides an incentive to repair old equipment.
Keep learning
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