Formal Proposals and Complex Time Relations

They demanded that he ___ immediately.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: leave

They demanded that he leave immediately. The mandative present subjunctive uses the base form after demands or recommendations: that she be, that he leave. Negatives use not + base form without do. Irrealis were expresses hypothetical distance, not necessarily past time. Should + infinitive is also possible in many British mandative clauses.

It is essential that she ___ informed.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: be

It is essential that she be informed. The mandative present subjunctive uses the base form after demands or recommendations: that she be, that he leave. Negatives use not + base form without do. Irrealis were expresses hypothetical distance, not necessarily past time. Should + infinitive is also possible in many British mandative clauses.

Choose the word or expression: An area whose voters elect a representative.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: constituency

constituency: An area whose voters elect a representative. Example: She represents a rural constituency in parliament.

They insisted that the report ___ altered. (mandative negative)

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: not be

They insisted that the report not be altered. (mandative negative) The mandative present subjunctive uses the base form after demands or recommendations: that she be, that he leave. Negatives use not + base form without do. Irrealis were expresses hypothetical distance, not necessarily past time. Should + infinitive is also possible in many British mandative clauses.

If I ___ in your position, I would object.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: were

If I were in your position, I would object. The mandative present subjunctive uses the base form after demands or recommendations: that she be, that he leave. Negatives use not + base form without do. Irrealis were expresses hypothetical distance, not necessarily past time. Should + infinitive is also possible in many British mandative clauses.

Choose the word or expression: A temporary alliance of political parties or groups.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: coalition

coalition: A temporary alliance of political parties or groups. Example: Two parties formed a coalition after neither won a majority.

The chair recommended that we ___ consult an expert. (British alternative)

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: should

The chair recommended that we should consult an expert. (British alternative) The mandative present subjunctive uses the base form after demands or recommendations: that she be, that he leave. Negatives use not + base form without do. Irrealis were expresses hypothetical distance, not necessarily past time. Should + infinitive is also possible in many British mandative clauses.

By June, I will have been ___ here for a decade.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: working

By June, I will have been working here for a decade. Perfect forms locate a situation before a present, past or future reference point. Simple forms highlight completion or states; continuous forms highlight activity and duration. Perfect infinitives and gerunds also express anteriority. Future perfect with by differs from continuous activity at a future time.

Choose the word or expression: Laws considered as a group, or the process of making them.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: legislation

legislation: Laws considered as a group, or the process of making them. Example: Parliament introduced new legislation on air quality.

She regretted having ___ the invitation.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: declined

She regretted having declined the invitation. Perfect forms locate a situation before a present, past or future reference point. Simple forms highlight completion or states; continuous forms highlight activity and duration. Perfect infinitives and gerunds also express anteriority. Future perfect with by differs from continuous activity at a future time.

He appears to have ___ the instructions.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: misread

He appears to have misread the instructions. Perfect forms locate a situation before a present, past or future reference point. Simple forms highlight completion or states; continuous forms highlight activity and duration. Perfect infinitives and gerunds also express anteriority. Future perfect with by differs from continuous activity at a future time.

Choose the word or expression: The obligation to explain decisions and accept responsibility for them.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: accountability

accountability: The obligation to explain decisions and accept responsibility for them. Example: Public reporting improves the accountability of elected officials.

I had ___ him for years before we worked together.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: known

I had known him for years before we worked together. Perfect forms locate a situation before a present, past or future reference point. Simple forms highlight completion or states; continuous forms highlight activity and duration. Perfect infinitives and gerunds also express anteriority. Future perfect with by differs from continuous activity at a future time.

By the time you return, the repairs will have been ___.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: completed

By the time you return, the repairs will have been completed. Perfect forms locate a situation before a present, past or future reference point. Simple forms highlight completion or states; continuous forms highlight activity and duration. Perfect infinitives and gerunds also express anteriority. Future perfect with by differs from continuous activity at a future time.

Choose the word or expression: Supported by or involving two political parties.

Your answer: Unanswered

Correct answer: bipartisan

bipartisan: Supported by or involving two political parties. Example: The proposal received bipartisan support from government and opposition members.