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B2 · Pre-advanced15 min

Contrast / purpose / reason / result

Syllabus topic 29: Contrast / purpose / reason / result

Contrast / purpose / reason / result. Clause linkers and prepositions have different complements: although + clause, despite + noun/-ing; because + clause, owing to + noun; so that + clause, in order to + infinitive.

How it works

Clause linkers and prepositions have different complements: although + clause, despite + noun/-ing; because + clause, owing to + noun; so that + clause, in order to + infinitive. Such/so ... that expresses result. Avoid combining incompatible patterns.

Examples in context

Notice how each form fits its sentence. Read the context before choosing a form.

  • Although the weather was bad, we continued.
  • The match was cancelled owing to heavy rain.
  • He spoke slowly so that everyone could understand.
  • It was such a shock that she couldn't speak.
  • They left quietly in order not to wake us.

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___ the weather was bad, we continued.

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